• Abyssal: used by Chaotic Evil outsiders and many Aberrations (Aboleth, Illithid/Mind Flayers, etc.)
• Alvari: Western Elven common, used by Sylvan Elves, Grugach, and Faldine Halflings in the Waletku kingdom and the Wisalef Forest (resembles later Celtic/Welsh)
• Bamoric: eastern humanoids (Bakemono, Minotaurs, Oni) and Nannuattan (eastern Dark Elves) of the Bamor Mountains and the kingdom of Gokuri
• Barbari: spoken by the Skaevingol, Tsucharim, and Vistani human and Wolven tribes of the Gusorin Confederation on the central Plains of Sathendo
• Celestial: used by Good extraplanar entities, divine casters, and some plane travelers
• Draconic: used by Reptile-kin (including dragons) and arcane spellcasters (resembles Greek)
• Draluk: Mountan Dwarven, Svirfneblin (Deep Gnome), spoken in the Zeda kingdom under the western Ivory Mountains; runic (resembles Slavic)
• Elemental: Aquan (undersea races, Marid), Auran (air elementals, Djinn, Avariel), Ignan (fire/Efreet), Terrian (Earth elementals, some Giants)
• Goblinish/Dubwana: Goblins, Hobgoblins, and Bugbears of the Garku Nasit (resembles Turkic)
• Hifalendorin: human common of the western Plains of Sathendo and much of the “Vanished Lands” (resembles Latin or American English)
• Infernal: used by Lawful Evil outsiders including Devils, some summoners (resembles Latin)
• Kestollan: used by Hill and River Dwarves, Rock and Tinker Gnomes, and Woldan Halflings in the Zeda kingdom in the western Ivory Mountains (resembles Germanic)
• Orgul: spoken by Ogre-kin (Orcs, Ogres, Trolls, some Giants), related to Zuromm
• Quelithan: High Elven/Eladrin and Grey/Valley Elven, often used by arcane spellcasters (resembles Finnish)
• Saganim: spoken by (proto-Celtic) humans on the western Plains of Sathendo (resembles Anglo-Saxon)
• Shengtese: human (Asiatic) common spoken in the Principality of Silado/Tong Sheng on the eastern Plains of Sathendo (resembles Cantonese)
• Suthern: human common of the Halmed Desert, both the Ebir Sheikdom and the Garku Nasit also spoken by the Anpur (Jackal folk), Vanaka (Dune Dwarves), and others (resembles Arabic)
• Sylvan: Used by many Fey, exalted animals, and Druids, related to Alvari (resembles French)
• Therudic: spoken by eastern demihumans (Korubokuru, Nezumi, Shan Sao, Spirit Folk, Tengu, Vanara) in the Zedu kingdom and Therud Forest (resembles Japanese)
• Zarendo: spoken by the various peoples of the Zarendo Islands in the Sea of Nagendwa (resembles Bantu or Swahili)
• Zuromm/Undercommon: Spoken by Drow (western Dark Elves), Duergar, Mad Gnomes, and many Orcs (resembles Klingon)

Contemporary Historical Languages (dialects, location):

• Achaean (Mycenean, Hellene; Ancient Greece)
• Akkadian (Sumerian, Babylonian/Amorite; Mesopotamia; see also Suthern)
• Assyrian/Aramaic (eastern Mediterranean, Mesopotamia)
• Atlantean (Cretan/Minoan/Theran; Ancient Greece)
• Austronesian (Malaysian)
• Balto-Slavic (Eastern Europe; see also Barbari)
• Bantu/Swahili (sub-Saharan Africa)
• Celtic (Gaul, Germany; see also Saganim)
• Chinese (ancient, Shang/Yin, then Zhou dynasties; see also Shengtese)
• Egyptian (Pharonic, Coptic, Hieratic; New Kingdom, Khemet)
• Germanic (Central Europe; similar to Kestollan)
• Hebrew (ancient)
• Hittite (Luwian, Palaic; Asia Minor, Persia)
• Illyrian (Venetic, Italic; Italy)
• Kushite (Nubia, Africa)
• Mittanni (Mesopotamia)
• Olmec (Mesoamerica; similar to Draconic)
• Phoenician/Philistine
• Phrygian (Thracian/Doric, Asia Minor)
• Sanskrit (Vedic, post-Harappan India; similar to Hifalendorin)
• Tyrsenian (Etruscans; Italy)

Writing Systems:

• Cuneiform (pictographic; Akkadian)
• Draconic (runic script)
• Draluk (Dwarven runes; also Kestollan, Terran)
• Hifalendorin (pictographic/script)
• Hieratic (Egyptian script)
• Hieroglyphic (Egyptian pictographic)
• Phoenecian/Greek (alphabet)
• Quelithan (Elven script; also Alvari/Sylvan)
• Saganim (Ogham runes; also Druids)
• Suthern (script)
• Shengtese (pictographic)
• Zuromm (pictographic, Undercommon)